Mechanical Engineering Vs. Electrical Engineering

Deciding on a career path is pivotal, especially when considering one in the engineering field. Among the various branches, mechanical and electrical engineering are two major players— each with unique characteristics and opportunities. 

In this comparative analysis, we will explore the differences between mechanical and electrical engineering to guide prospective students in making an informed decision about their academic and professional pursuits. So, without further ado, let’s get started!

What is mechanical engineering?

Mechanical engineering is a scientific discipline that revolves around the iterative design, analysis, and manufacturing of mechanical systems. It encompasses various applications— from traditional areas like thermodynamics and mechanics— to cutting-edge fields such as 3D printing, renewable energy, electric vehicle design, automation, robotics, and nanotechnology. 

Mechanical engineers are often involved in creating products and systems that incorporate the principles of physics and mathematics to deliver practical, real-world solutions.

What is electrical engineering?

Electrical engineering revolves around the study and application of electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. Electrical engineers design, develop, test and maintain electrical and/or electronic systems such as electronic circuits, communication devices, power generation equipment and control systems. 

Our Electrical Engineering course covering these essential topics encompasses many subfields, like power engineering, computer engineering, and telecommunications—making it crucial to the modern world's technological advancements.

Mechanical vs. electrical engineering

Mechanical engineering and electrical engineering are two distinct fields of engineering with different focuses, education requirements, career and specialisation opportunities, and salary prospects. 

Job scope and focus

Mechanical engineers typically work with physical systems, designing and testing mechanical devices. They may be involved in projects like developing new automotive technologies, designing HVAC systems, or creating innovative consumer products. 

Electrical engineers, on the other hand, focus on electronic systems. They conventionally work with components like transistors, capacitors, and microcontrollers to design and optimise electrical circuits.

Essential job skills:

Mechanical engineers need a keen understanding of mechanical principles and materials and problem-solving skills. Furthermore, mechanical engineers often work with physical components and exploit various kinds of computer-aided engineering (CAE) tools like computer-aided design (CAD).

On the other hand, electrical engineers must excel in circuit analysis, electronics, and programming. For the most part, electrical engineers utilise applied creativity to deal with more abstract concepts that are continually advancing. 

Nonetheless, given the collaborative nature of engineering projects, effective communication and teamwork are crucial for professionals in both fields.

Career opportunities

Mechanical engineers work in industries like automotive, aerospace, energy, oil and gas, and manufacturing. 

Electrical engineers, on the other hand, are in demand in sectors such as telecommunications, electronics manufacturing, and power generation. 

Salaries

Based on SalaryExpert’s survey data collated from employers and employees across Malaysia, the average salary of a mechanical engineer in Malaysia is RM136,116 per year, excluding an average bonus of RM4,750. In addition, the estimated income is expected to increase by 23% over the next five years. 

On the other hand, the average salary for electrical engineers is RM139,401 per year, excluding an average bonus of RM5,144.

Mechanical vs. electrical engineering: Which is harder?

Determining whether mechanical or electrical engineering is "harder" is a subjective inquiry that often hinges on individual aptitudes, interests, and learning styles. Both disciplines present unique challenges, and the perceived difficulty can vary from person to person.

Let's explore the distinguishing factors that contribute to the perceived level of difficulty in each field:

Mechanical engineering challenges:

• Tangibility and hands-on aspect: Mechanical engineering often deals with tangible, physical systems and, thus, requires a solid grasp of mechanics, materials, and thermodynamics. 
  This hands-on aspect may be challenging for some individuals, especially when working with prototypes, machinery, and physical prototypes.

• Complex problem solving: Mechanical engineers are frequently tasked with solving complex problems related to motion, structural integrity, and energy transfer. The ability to analyse and optimise mechanical systems dictates a solid foundation in mathematics and physics. This may lend to the argument that mechanical engineering is ‘harder’. 

• Diverse applications: The breadth of applications in mechanical engineering —ranging from automotive design to HVAC systems— means that professionals need a broad skill set. Adapting to the diverse challenges posed by different projects can be seen as highly demanding by some.

Electrical engineering challenges:

• Abstract concepts and theory: Electrical engineering often involves abstract concepts related to electricity, circuit theory, and signal processing. Understanding these theoretical aspects can be challenging, dictating a high level of mathematical proficiency and abstract reasoning.

• Precision in design: Electrical engineers work with intricate components such as microcontrollers, transistors, and integrated circuits. The precision required in designing electronic systems demands meticulous attention to detail and a nuanced understanding of circuit behaviour.

• Rapid technological evolution: The electrical engineering field evolves rapidly with technological advancements. Keeping pace with the latest developments and adapting to new technologies can be a continuous learning curve, making it challenging for professionals to stay current.How do you choose the right engineering degree?

How do you choose the right engineering degree?

Choosing between mechanical and electrical engineering requires several considerations.

• Self-reflection:

  • Identify your interests and passions within engineering.

  • Consider your preferred learning style— for example, hands-on or theoretical.

  • Envision your long-term career goals and aspirations.

• Research and exploration:

  • Explore various engineering disciplines through research.

  • Attend engineering career fairs, webinars, or talks.

• Consult with professionals.

  • Network with professionals in different engineering fields.

  • Join online forums and alumni networks to gather insights.

• Consider programme specifics:

  • Carefully review the curriculum and courses offered by each engineering programme.

  • Evaluate facilities, laboratories, and resources available to students.

  • Look for a balance between foundational knowledge and specialised skills.

• Evaluate future trends:

  • Stay informed about industry trends and global challenges.

  • Consider the impact of emerging technologies on engineering disciplines.

  • Choose a degree aligned with future trends to enhance employability.

• Seek guidance from academic advisors:

  • Ensure to schedule meetings with academic advisors and mentors to discuss your interests.

  • Explore the strengths of each engineering programme.

  • Consider the reputation of engineering programmes and universities.

Mechanical engineering and electrical engineering degrees in Malaysia

For those considering pursuing engineering degrees in Malaysia, the University of Nottingham Malaysia (UNM) offers reputable engineering programmes, namely:

• Mechanical Engineering (MEng Hons): This programme offers a comprehensive curriculum that covers core engineering science and practical skills. For example, students typically engage in hands-on learning, exploiting Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) and design projects to turn their designs into reality. 

• Electrical and Electronic Engineering (MEng Hons): This programme is accredited by the Board of Engineers Malaysia (BEM). It provides a pathway to a professional career in electrical and electronic design, power plants, manufacturing, systems design and development, and more.

• Foundation in Engineering: This programme principally equips students with a comprehensive understanding of key engineering principles and practices. This consequently prepares them for the rigours of undergraduate engineering programs. The program's entrance requirements are relatively flexible—considering various educational backgrounds and qualifications.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the choice between mechanical and electrical engineering ultimately boils down to individual preferences, career aspirations, and interests. Both disciplines offer rewarding opportunities, and a well-informed decision should pave the way for a fulfilling and successful career. 

As you embark on this journey, consider your strengths, explore your passions, and choose a path that aligns with your vision for the future.

Explore the scholarships available for our foundation, undergraduate, and postgraduate courses. Also, remember to download our prospectus for detailed information about our programs!

This article aims to give an overview of Malaysia's education system for public understanding. However, it does not cover all aspects of the University of Nottingham Malaysia (UNM), so readers are encouraged to seek more information if necessary.